盐岩油气储库介质地质力学模型相似材料的研制   总被引：8，自引：3，他引：5  

张强勇  刘德军  贾超  沈鑫  刘健  段抗 《岩土力学》2009,30(12):3581-3586

以江苏金坛盐岩地下油气储库为示范工程,以精铁粉、重晶石粉、石英砂、一级松香和医用酒精为原料,根据相似原理以及金坛盐岩油气储库地层中盐岩、泥岩和盐岩夹层的实测物理力学参数,开展了各种配比条件下材料的单轴压缩、三轴压缩、直剪和巴西劈裂试验,通过原岩和模型材料的重度、泊松比、弹性模量、抗压强度、抗拉强度、黏聚力、内摩擦角等基本物理力学参数以及相应变形特征和强度破坏特性的对比分析,研制出基本满足相似条件要求的盐岩油气储库介质（盐岩、泥岩和盐岩夹层）的地质力学模型相似材料,为开展盐岩地下油气储库运营的变形与失效破坏地质力学模型试验提供了可靠的材料保证。  相似文献   

高分子材料SH固沙性能与微结构相关性研究     

和法国  谌文武  韩文峰  张景科 《岩土力学》2009,30(12):3803-3807

SH作为一种环保型、节约型有机高分子固化材料,用于沙漠治理具有广阔的应用前景。采用不同浓度SH、不同加固方式对沙体进行加固,加固后沙体微结构会发生变化,其物理力学性能也会出现显著变化。通过图形处理软件对固化后沙体的SEM图像进行计算分析;利用多元逐步回归分析方法对其性能参数与微结构参数之间的相关性进行计算,并对其相关性进行分析评价。计算结果表明,二者之间存在着良好的相关关系,各向异性、等效直径、扁圆度、充填比和面积比是对固化沙土力学性质影响较为显著的5个微结构参数。从微观角度证明了SH是一种较为理想的高分子固沙材料。  相似文献   

颗粒物质在微剪切振动下的能量耗散研究     

汪盼盼  王万景  刘长松  朱震刚 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z1):129-134

采用改进的低频内耗仪研究了几种常见颗粒体系（沙子、玻璃珠）的相对能量耗散性质：能量耗散的振幅谱和频率谱。实验发现,振幅谱中随振幅增大形成一个能量耗散峰,而频率谱线中则观察到随着频率的增加依次出现四个能量耗散峰,对应着体系模量的四个衰减。随探针插入深度的增加相对能耗先增加后减小,出现一个能耗峰值,该峰值对应的深度为体系的临界深度。基于对颗粒体系的介观分析,提出一个流变模型来阐述流变耗散机制,结果表明摩擦在颗粒力学响应中除耗散能量外还起到增加体系弹性的作用。频率谱的分析表明颗粒中还存在另一种耗散机制：颗粒链的共振耗散。  相似文献   

冲绳海槽千年来陆源物质输入历史与东亚季风变迁   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

陈金霞  李铁刚  南青云 《地球科学》2009,34(5):811-818

为解决近1000年以来东海沿岸地区气候演化及其对南冲绳海槽陆源物质输入的影响, 对取自南冲绳海槽的MD05-2908孔上部(0~810cm) 共78份孢粉样品和199份有机碳同位素样品进行了分析.结果显示, 近1000年以来南冲绳海槽陆源物质输入存在着显著波动, 其中1100~1040aBP、960~880aBP和800~480aBP期间, 陆源物质输入比例增加; 1040~960aBP和480~230aBP期间, 陆源物质输入比例减少.将陆源物质输入指标与陕西佛爷洞δ13C含量记录对比分析, 发现陆源物质输入比例变化与季风的变化密切相关.当夏季风减弱时, 导致降雨带长时间集中在南部地区, 增强的降雨量提高了风化剥蚀以及沉积物向海洋搬运的能力, 使得陆源物质供应量增加.   相似文献   

美国技术标准用弦线模量对我国技术更新的启示   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

焦五一  赵树德  郭志恭  罗笃敬  朱书勤  马怀栓 《岩土力学》2009,30(Z2):105-109

用弦线模量计算地基变形是中国的原始自主创新。它改正了压缩模量和各种计算模型存在的问题,所以对计算结果有很大的改进。它依据土性物理指标用软件计算,是各种计算方法中最简单的方法。用于地基设计规范能够实现以变形控制设计的目标;用于黄土地区建筑规范,能够依据基础面积、基底压力、相邻基础影响等条件,并考虑地区差异、土性的微结构差异等条件真实地计算不同类型黄土的湿陷量,实现定量评价黄土湿陷性的目标。在中国对弦线模量研究的同时,美国在金属材料非线弹性变形计算中也研究并已经在其技术标准中采用了弦线模量代替杨氏模量,中国的同类标准也引用了它。这对在我国地基规范中采用弦线模量法进行技术更新,应该具有重要的启示作用。在简要介绍弦线模量法主要情况的基础上,进一步阐明这一观点。  相似文献   

Variability in rainfall threshold for debris flow after the Chi-Chi earthquake in central Taiwan, China   总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6  

C. L. SHIEH  Y. J. TSAI 《国际泥沙研究》2009,24(2):177-188

The purpose of this study is to analyze variability in rainfall threshold for debris flow （critical rainfall for debris flow triggering） after the ML 7.3 Chi-Chi earthquake in central Taiwan in 1999. Two study sites with different geological conditions were surveyed in the earthquake area. Streambed surveys were conducted to continuously monitor debris flows between 1999 and 2006. During the 7-year study period, every debris flow event was identified, and the streambed characterized. Results show that the rainfall threshold for debris flow was remarkably lower just after the Chi-Chi Earthquake, but gradually recovered. To date, this rainfall threshold is still lower than the original level prior to the earthquake. This variability in rainfall threshold is closely related to the mount of sediment material in the initiation area of debris flow, which increased rapidly due to landslides resulting from the earthquake. With the increase in sediment material, the rainfall threshold was lowered severely during the first year following the Chi-Chi earthquake. However, heavy rainfalls mobilized the sediment material, causing debris flows and transporting sediment downstream. With the decrease in sediment material, the rainfall threshold recovered gradually over time. Furthermore, debris flows occurred only in the subbasins that had sufficient sediment material to cause significant movement. Hence, these results confirm that the sediment material in the initiation area of debris flow is a crucial component of the rainfall threshold for debris flow.  相似文献   

含能材料损伤裂纹的工业CT图像分析   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

戴斌  张伟斌  田勇  唐兴 《CT理论与应用研究》2009,18(4)

高聚物粘结炸药(PBX)可看作由炸药晶体及各种添加剂构成的多组份复合材料,为研究温度冲击时裂纹在炸药内部结构中扩展的过程,采用微焦点X射线CT扫描技术获得不同温度冲击条件下,炸药破裂过程中的一系列CT图像.本文根据CT差值图像,由是否出现线状影像判断裂纹的存在,通过变换CT差值图像中像素值的阈值范围分析裂纹的分布特点.基于CT物理原理对裂纹区域进行选取和定量化描述,研究了含能材料CT图像中裂纹形态判定和扩展方式的问题,从理论上探讨了含能材料损伤破坏的细观机理,为今后进一步利用CT进行材料疲劳寿命等相关分析提供一种新的方法.  相似文献   

The influence of dimensionality on simulations of mass recovery from nonuniform dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zones     

John A. Christ  Lawrence D. Lemke  Linda M. Abriola 《Advances in water resources》2009

The influence of model dimensionality on predictions of mass recovery from dense non-aqueous phase liquid (DNAPL) source zones in nonuniform permeability fields was investigated using a modified version of the modular three-dimensional transport simulator (MT3DMS). Thirty-two initial two- (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) tetrachloroethene–DNAPL source zone architectures, taken from a recent modeling study, were used as initial conditions for this analysis. Commonly employed source zone metrics were analyzed to determine differences between 2D and 3D predictions: (i) down-gradient flux-averaged contaminant concentration, (ii) reductions in contaminant mass flux through a down-gradient boundary, (iii) source zone ganglia-to-pool (GTP) ratio, and (iv) time required to achieve a remediation objective. 3D flux-averaged contaminant concentrations were approximately 3.5 times lower than concentrations simulated in 2D. This difference was attributed to dilution of the contaminant concentrations down gradient of the source zone. Contaminant flux reduction predictions for a given mass recovery were generally 5% higher in 3D simulations than in 2D simulations. The GTP ratio declined over time as mass was recovered in both 2D and 3D simulations. Although the source longevity (i.e., time required to achieve 99.99% mass recovery) differed between individual 2D and 3D realizations, the mean source longevity for the 2D and 3D simulation ensembles was within 2%. 2D simulations tended to over-predict the time required to achieve lower mass recovery levels (e.g. 50% mass recovery) due to a smaller contaminated area exposed to uncontaminated water. These findings suggest that ensemble averages of 2D numerical simulations of DNAPL migration, entrapment, dissolution, and mass recovery in statistically homogenous, nonuniform media may provide reasonable approximations to average behavior obtained using simulations conducted in fully three-dimensional domains.  相似文献   

湖南省长株谭城市群空间组织研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张立荣  姜明军  陈娜 《地域研究与开发》2009,28(3)

从城市群空间组织的五大要素即节点、通道、流、等级和网络出发,系统分析了湖南长株谭城市群空间组织特征.研究结果表明:在整个城市群中首位城市是长沙,长株潭城市群为核心区,次级城市包括岳阳、常德、益阳、娄底、衡阳;城市群陆路交通的分布是以长株潭为中心,向外围呈环状逐渐降低的格局.城市群空间要素成集聚形式,且要素分布具有明显的空间指向性,即向长株潭核心区集聚.城市群已经形成较为成熟的规模等级体系.最后提出了城市群空间组织优化的基本思路.  相似文献   

锂离子电池硅基负极材料研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

张利 《盐湖研究》2012,20(1):64-72

硅是青海省储量丰富的资源之一,因其储锂容量高、安全性能优越,而成为锂离子电池理想的负极材料,但由于硅在深度嵌脱锂时体积效应大,易与导电介质、集流体失去电接触,造成电极循环性能迅速下降。对抑制其体积效应、增加其电导率的"低维化"和"复合化"两种技术进行了介绍。  相似文献